Apparatus for drying cores



H. M. LANE.

' APPARATUS FOR DRYING CORES.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 19.1919.

Patented Mar. 28, 1922.

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H. M. LANE. APPARAlUS"FOR DRYIN G CORES. APPLICATION FILED MAR. 19. 1919.

Patented Mar. 28 1922.

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ILAHQESQ ff f 1" 14- I l WW 5: v 1 a s E C E HENRY M. LANE, F DETROIT, MICHIGAN.

APPARATUS FOR DRYING CORES.

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Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Mar. 28, 11922.

Application filed March 19, 1919. Serial No. 283,608.

Cores and Apparatus Therefor, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to apparatus for drying cores; and it comprises an apparatus consisting, of an oven, having a perforated floor, means within the oven to support the cores to be dried, means for feeding heated gases to said oven, an air space beneath said oven, said air space communicating with the stack or other exhaust for said gases, and means for withdrawing the spent gases from said air space; all as more fully hereinafter set forth and claimed.

Various processes of drying cores have been employed wherein said cores are placed in an oven and heated air or other gases (generally a mixture of heated products of combustion and air) is circulated about the cores to dry them. Great difliculty has been experienced in securing uniform drying throughout the oven and in performing the drying operation efficiently without loss of time and use of an unnecessary amount of gases. When the heated gases are passed into the oven, they extract moisture from the cores and becomes saturated after they have lnaen in the oven a short while. gases become saturated, they are practically useless in drying the cores, and it has therefore been found necessary to pass the gases through an oven in a fairly rapid circulation. The'necessity for rapidly moving the gases through the oven has produced a second difliculty; the difliculty of securing uniform temperature. As the gases become saturated with moisture after flowing around the cores, it is obvious that the best type' of oven is one in which the outlets are placed,

near the floor. The cool saturated gases are heavier than the incoming heated gases and they therefore tend to fall. In prior constructions wherein the outlets have been placed near the floor the number of outlets have been insuflicient to permit free and uninterrupted removal of the cool gases. The

result is that a blanket of cool .gases and After the for hot gases is also at the bottom there is apt tobe interference and undesired cross circulations, reducing efficiency, are apt to result.

In the present invention I have prox'ided a method of drying cores in which a uniform temperature is obtained throughout the oven,

and in which the cores at the bottom of the rack are thoroughly dried. The heated gases are introduced into the oven at any point and are allowed'to flow to the top of the oven. As the gases come in contact with the cores, they become heavier and pass towardthe bottom of the oven. The floor of the oven is perforated or provided with a large number of openings permittingthe cold gases to flow freely and without interruption into a collecting space arranged beneath the floor of the oven whence they are withdrawn to the stack or other exhaust. The method of drying cores wherein a collecting space is provided beneath the floor of the oven and the gases allowed to flow into this space without obstruction eliminates the tendency to form a blanket of cooled gases and water vapor in the bottom of the oven.

In the present invention the floor of the oven is provided with perforations or similar means to permit the gases collecting at the bottom of the oven to be immediately withdraw'n. Means are provided for feeding the heated gases to the oven and a collecting space is provided beneath the perforated floor of the oven. The collecting space beneath the floor of the oven is in communication with the stack or other exhaust and manually operated means are provided for controlling exhaust of the cooled gases. Means are provided for creating a' suction in the exhaust pipe or stack to facilitate exhaust of all spent and cooled gases. As to ,the other details of construction, such, for

instance, as the means for supporting the cores, I may employ any convenient apparatus.

In the accompanying drawings I have shown an apparatus capable of carrying out the process and within the purview of this invention. In this showing,

Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a core oven showing the perforated floor and coilecting chamber beneath the floor;

Figure 2' is a plan view, partly in section, of a battery of ovens;

Figure 3 is a transverse vertical sectional view of an oven provided with a perforated floor and showing the air chamber beneath the floor; 1

Figure 4 is a similar view of an oven in which the floor is constructed of channel irons;

Figure 5 is a vertical sectional view showing a single oven and the means for feeding heated gases to the'oven, and means for exhausting the gases;

Figure. 6 is horizontal sectional view on the line 66 of Figure 5; and

Figure 7 is a vertical sectional view on the line 77 of Figure 6.

Referring to Figure 1 of the drawings, the reference numeral 1 indicates an oven comprising front and rear walls 2 and 3 and side walls 4. The oven or drying chamber I is provided with door 5. Heated gases are introduced into the oven by means of flue 6. shown beneath the oven and at the rear. The admission of gases is controlled by hand operated damper 7 The interior ofthe oven is provided with racks or shelves 8 for the reception of the cores. Thefloor of the oven is constructed of perforated plates 9 and a basement constituting a collecting chamber 10 is arranged beneath the floor. The top of this basementor sub-chamber is at a level not above the-hot gas inlet controlled by 7, thereby preventing lateral communication and interference with the gas circulation desired. The hot wall of flue 6 forms the side of chamberll) and this still further aids in the type of circulation here desired. The perforated plates are supportedon longitudinal I-beams 11 which are in turn su ported by transverse I-beams 12 anchored in the side walls. The collecting chamber is provided with an outlet opening 13 communicating with outlet flue 14. The outlet flue 'is provided with a damper 15. Outlet flue 14 extends upwardly through the side walls of the oven, and when a battery of ovens are employed, a horizontal flue 16 is arranged along the top of the ovens communicating with each of the outlet flues. Main flue 17 communicates with the longitudinal flue (16) and leads to a stack, blower, fan or other device.

In Figure 2 of the drawings I have shown a battery of ovens, illustrating the arrangement of the flue (6) for feeding heated gases to the ovens, and also showing the arrangement for removing the gases. As shown in this figure a number of ovens forming a battery are usually constructed side by side separated by the'walls (4). The flue (6) extends beneath all of the ovens comprising a battery. Inlet dampers are provided for each oven in order that a single oven may be operated, or any of the ovens maybe out of operation and the remaining ovens used as desired. As shown, vertical flues (14) Figure 4 0f the drawings shows a similar I construction of ovens with a slightly modified floor construction. In this construction the transverse I beams; anchored in the side walls of the oven, are employed. The floor consists of a plurality of spaced channel irons 18, spaced from each other to provide means for the escape of the cooled gases. As shown the channel irons are arranged upon the I beams with the flanges 19 extending downwardly from the main sections 20.

In Figure 5 of the drawings I have-shown a complete construction including means for producing the heated gases used in drying cores, and means for exhausting the cooled gases. The oven shown in this view is of the same construction as that shown in Figure 1 and the parts of the oven are indicated by the same reference numerals. Fire box 21 is arranged at a suitable int and is provided with grate bars 22 an ash pit 23. The products of combustion from the fire box pass over arch 24 which is connected to flue (6) by a connecting flue 25. Air may be introduced into the ash pit through pipe 26. Additional air is introduced into the connecting flue (25) through tuyeres 27. The tuyeres are arranged in a plenum chamber 28 at the base of the flue, the said chamber being supplied with air by pipe 29. The two air pipes are joined to each other and are connected by pipe 30 through a suitably located fan or blower 31.

After the gases have passed through .the oven and come in contact with the cores they are collected in chamber 10 as previously described and pass into flue (14).

Means for producing a draft through the oven are shown in detail in Figures 6 and 7. Gases from the main (17) enter stack 32 at thebase 33. The stack is surrounded by a casing forming an air chamber 34. This chamber is in communication with fan (31) by pipe 35 which, as shown, is provided. with a flared opening 36. The stack is provided with a number of perforations 37 near the base by means of which it communicates with the air chamber. A' tapered pipe 38 is placed within the stack forming a nozzle.

The operation of the apparatus shown in Figure 1 is as follows. Heated gases in flue '6 pass into the furnace at the rear. The inlet is controlled by damper 7. The gases use to the top of the furnace and then pass around the racks, as indicated by the arrows, to the perforated floor 9 whence they immediately pass through the floor to the chamber 10. The construction is such that the chamber 10 is in communication with the oven only through means of the perforated floor. None of the heated gases are permitted ,to pass into the chamber 10 before they have circulated over top of the cores in the oven and through the floor. The use of a perforated floor, instead of a few outlets, prevents the cold gases from collecting and forming a blanket around the cores in the bottom of the oven. The gases are exhausted from chamber 10 through flue 1 L into transverse flue 16, thence to main flue 17 and thence to the stack. The exhaust may be controlled by damper 15. I

In Flgure 2 there is shown a battery of ovensany one of which may be supplied with gases from flue 6 by the operation of dampers 7. When one of the ovens is in operationthe spent gases are collected inver-' tical flue 14 and conveyed to transverse flue 16. The main flue 17 is shown in communication with fiue 16 and the method of exhausting gases from any one of the ovens is illustrated in this View. The operation of the apparatus shown in Figures 3 and 4 is obvious from the foregoing and no further description is necessary.

In Figure 5 of the drawings is shown an entire working unit. The products of combustion are produced by burning any type of fuel in fire box 21, air being supplied through pipe 26 entering ash pit 23. ,The products of combustion are conveyed over arch 24 into the connecting flue 25. Additional air is mingled with the products of combustion, the air being supplied by blower 31 and conveyed through pipes 30 and 29 to chamber 28 thence by tuyeres 27 to flue 25 where it joins the products of combustion. The mixture of products of combustion and air enters flue 6whence it is conveyed to any one of the battery of ovens. The products of combustion are fed into and exhausted from the oven as described in con-' nection with Figure 1.

The operation of the means for producing the draft, shown in Figures 6 and 7 is-as follows: Air from fan or blower 31 is. con-, veyed to air chamber 3 1 by means of pipe 35. Considerable air pressure is maintained in the air chamber at all times. Air passes from air chamber 35 into stack 32 through perforations 37 in the base of the stack. Tapered pipe 3 8 causes the air flowing into the stack to pass upwardly toward the outlet. This produces a suction at the base of the stack and the used gases are withdrawn from the main exhaust flue 17 by means of this suction, producing, in effect, an induced draft.

While the above described method of producing a draft in the core oven has been found to be very advantageous, I do not wish to limit the present invention to the performance of the process, or to an apparatus including this specific means for producing a draft. The present operation may be performed with any eflicient type of draft producing apparatus.

What I claim is 1. The combination with a core oven, of means for creating a draft to withdraw used gases from said oven, said means comprising an outlet pipe and a stack, an air chamber surrounding the base of the stack, means for creating a pressure within said air chamber, the base of the stack being provided with perforations to permit communication between said air chamber and said stack, and a tapered pipe arranged within the stack near said perforated portion thereof.

2. An apparatus for drying cores and the like which comprises an oven chamber and a basement constituting a gas collection chamber located therebeneath, a perforated partition separating the two chambers, means for supplying heating gases to the oven chamber at one end and at a point substantially on a level with said artition and outlet means for gases from t e basement.

3. An apparatus for drying cores and the like which comprises an oven chamber and a basement constituting a gas collection chamber located therebeneath, a perforated partition separating the two chambers, means for supplying heating gases to the oven chamber at one end and at a point sub- .stantially on a level with said partition and outlet means for gases from the basement at a point near the bottom thereof.

4. An apparatus for drying cores and the like which comprises an oven chamber and a basement constituting a gas collection chamber located thereoeneath, a perforated partition separating the two chambers, means for supplying heating gasesto the oven chamber at one end and at a point substantially on a level with said partition and outlet means for gases from the basement at a point near the bottom thereof and near the end of the apparatus opposite the inlet end for gases.

5. In a core oven, a chamber in which the cores are to be. dried, a perforated floor therefor, a basement constituting a gas collecting chamber beneath the first mentioned chamber and in communication therewith, means for suppl mg heated gases to the first mentioned cham er, whereby the gases will chamber, a basement constituting a gas collecting chamber therebeneath and perforated means separating the two, means out of direct communication with the said basement for supplying heated gases solely to the core drying chamber and means for Withdrawing the gases from the basement, whereby hot gases supplied to the core oven Will circulate around and over the cores therein, and pass thence through the perforated means to the basement without contact therein with directly supplied hotter gases.

7. An oven for drying cores and the like comprising a drying chamber, an inlet flue therebeneath for hot gases, with a nostril leading from the inlet flue to a low pointin the drying chamber, a basement for the drying chamber alongside said inlet flue and heat insulated therefrom, means establishing communication between the drying chamber and said basement substantially throughout their coextensive lengths, and means for removing waste gases from the basement.

8. An oven for drying cores and the like comprising a drying chamber, a perforated floor therefor, a basement beneath said drying chamber and an inlet flue for drying gases adjacent said basement, With a nostril leading to the drying chamber for delivering hot gases at a point substantially on the level with said floor, and means for removing waste gases from the basement at a low point thereof.

In testimony whereof, aflix my signature hereto.

HENRY M. LANE. 

